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研究汉语中古音的学者都知道,目前音韵学界一致确认近人曾运乾(1884—1945)是《广韵》五十一声类说的创始人。曾氏于1927年在《东北大学季刊》1—2期14—21页上发表了《切韵五声五十一纽考》一文,首创《广韵》切上字应分为五十一类之说,其说一出,海内风从,影响甚大。笔者最近无意中获读近人孙文昱氏所著的《小学初告》(1926)一书,发见孙氏在此书卷六亦已明确提出《广韵》切上字当分为五十一声类,其具体分类与曾说若合符节,甚为惊异,因其书之刊布早于曾文之发表一年,故应确认孙文昱是《广韵》五十一声类说的创始人。此事为研究中古音和汉语音韵学史者所鲜知,在此我们拟对孙氏此说做一详细介绍,并与曾文之说加以比较,以按语形式述其异同,间附考证,并对有关问题略抒管见,不妥之处,敬希指正。
All scholars who study Chinese ancient novels know that at present the phonological community unanimously confirmed that the near-predecessor Zeng Yun-qian (1884-1945) was the founder of the “Guangyun” 51st-type. In 1927, Zeng published his article “Qu Yun Five Fifty New Tests” on pages 14-21 of “The Northeastern University Quarterly” 1-2, the first “Guang Yun” cut the word should be divided into 51 categories To put it another way, the wind from the sea has a great impact. Recently, I recently got inadvertently read Sun Wenyu’s “Elementary School first report” (1926) a book, see Sun’s book six has also clearly put “Guangyun” cut the word into 51 categories , Its specific classification and said that if the festival coincides, very surprised, because of the publication of the book as early as Zeng’s published one year, it should be confirmed that Sun Wenyu is “Guangyun” 51 kind of sound creator. This matter is well known to those who study the history of ancient Chinese and Chinese phonology. Here we intend to make a detailed introduction of this theory and compare it with that of Tseng Wen. Opinions about the problem a little sketchy, inappropriate, hope correct.