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自中国脊髓灰质炎 (脊灰 )监测网络建立以来 ,有报告的脊灰暴发和流行主要由脊灰Ⅰ型野病毒引起。 1993年在新疆维吾尔自治区分离到 1株Ⅲ型野病毒 ,但未发现Ⅱ型野病毒。此外 ,1995年、1996年在云南省发现 2例Ⅰ型〔1〕、2例Ⅲ型境外输入野毒病例〔2〕。 1994年 10月以来我国本土未发现脊灰野病毒。但是 ,1999年 10月从青海省循化撒拉族自治县分离到 2株脊灰Ⅰ型野病毒 ,1株来自 1位 16月龄的病例 ,另 1株来自该病例的接触者。应用基因测序法对该毒株做了VP1片段序列的测定 ,并与疫苗株SabinⅠ型参考株、国内曾经流行的脊灰Ⅰ型野病毒代表株、我国周边国家部分脊灰Ⅰ型野毒株的序列作了基因同源性比较 ,并由计算机用NeighborJoining和BootstrapTest方法分析处理 ,构建出它们之间的关系树 ,初步揭示了该毒株很可能是由境外传入我国
Since the establishment of the Polio (polio) Monitoring Network in China, there have been reports of polio outbreaks and epidemics mainly caused by poliovirus type I wild-type virus. In 1993 in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region isolated a wild type Ⅲ virus, but did not find type Ⅱ wild virus. In addition, in 1995 and 1996 in Yunnan Province, 2 cases of type I [1] and 2 cases of type III wild-type enterovirus cases were found [2]. Since October 1994, no poliovirus has been found in our country. However, two poliovirus type I wild viruses were isolated from the Xunhua Salar Autonomous County in October 1999 in Qinghai Province, one from a 16-month-old patient and the other from a contact person in this case. The sequence of VP1 fragment was sequenced by gene sequencing method, and was compared with the vaccine strain Sabin Ⅰ reference strain, the formerly epidemic poliovirus type Ⅰ wild type virus representative strain, the poliovirus type I wild type strain in some neighboring countries Sequence comparison made by gene homology, and the computer by NeighborJoining and BootstrapTest method analysis and processing to construct the relationship between them, initially revealed that the strain is likely to be introduced into China from abroad