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初中物理教学要求只是“初步”,即“培养学生初步的观察、实践能力.初步分析、概括能力和应用物理知识解决简单问题的能力”.因此许多重要知识讲深了不懂,讲浅了又难于见效,教学深度不好掌握.基于这一点,新编的初中物理教材增加了大量的演示实验和小“制作”,以便使抽象的物理概念形象化、具体化,给学生提供更多的观察机会,以获得丰富的感知信息.但还有些物理概念和规律是不可能直接由实验观察到的.这时,我认为类比的方法能起到很好的作用.以下是我在初中物理教学中巧用类比法,突破难点的体会.
Junior high school physics teaching requirements are only “preliminary”, that is, “cultivating students’ initial observation and practical ability. Preliminary analysis, summarizing the ability and the ability to apply physics knowledge to solve simple problems.” Therefore, many important knowledge is deeply incomprehensible and shallow. Difficult to be effective, the depth of teaching is difficult to master. Based on this, the new textbooks for junior high school physics textbooks have added a large number of demonstration experiments and small “productions” in order to visualize and concretize the abstract physical concepts and provide more observations for students. Opportunity to get rich perceptual information. But some physical concepts and laws are not directly observable by experiment. At this time, I think the analogy method can play a good role. The following is my junior middle school physics teaching. Clever use of analogy, breaking through the difficult experience.