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铁矿石开采总量的85.5%,锰矿石总量的65.5%采用露天方法开采。随着钢铁生产的发展,露天矿山的废石量也增加,预计到本世纪末,苏联黑色冶金矿山,将排弃约350亿吨剥离的岩石和选矿尾砂。铁矿露天矿剥离的沉积岩石是建材工业的原料,苏联建材工业研究所初步评定,67%的剥离岩石和60%的铁矿石选矿尾砂,适宜生产建筑材料。碳酸盐岩石用来生产石灰粉、粘土,泥质页岩可以生产陶瓷管和陶瓷极,石灰岩、白垩、白云石生产石灰,粉碎的石英岩和石英砂可作人造硅酸盐贴面石料,硅酸盐、页岩作生产水泥的原料,花岗岩、超基性坚硬岩石作碎石。
85.5% of the total iron ore mining, 65.5% of the total amount of manganese ore by open-air mining. With the development of steel production, the amount of waste rock in open mines also increases. It is estimated that by the end of this century, about 35 billion tons of stripped rock and dressing tailings will be abandoned by the Soviet Union’s black metallurgical mines. Sedimentary rocks stripped from iron ore open-pit mines are the raw materials for the building material industry. Preliminary evaluation by the Soviet Institute of Building Materials Industry shows that 67% of stripped rocks and 60% of iron ore beneficiation tailings are suitable for the production of building materials. Carbonate rock is used to produce limestone, clay and shale shale to produce ceramic tubes and ceramic poles. Limestone, chalk and dolomite are used to produce lime. Pulverized quartzite and quartz sand are used as man-made silicate facing stone, Silicate, shale for the production of cement raw materials, granite, ultrabasic hard rock for gravel.