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本研究根据世界投入产出数据库中的相关数据,从双边贸易总体、最终品和中间品贸易、不同行业贸易3个层面,对1995—2009年中日双边贸易中两国所使用的国内生产要素情况进行了分析。结果表明:从附加值贸易的角度来看,虽然中日两国在双边贸易中所使用的资本、高技术劳动、中技术劳动和低技术劳动这4种国内生产要素的绝对数量不断增加,但中国对日出口的产品主要是由资本和低技术劳动来完成的,日本对华出口主要是由资本和中技术劳动这两种生产要素来完成的;日本对华出口所使用国内生产要素中高技术劳动占比相对中国对日出口所使用国内生产要素中高技术劳动占比要高,且这种情况在中日双边制造业贸易和最终品贸易中表现得尤为明显,说明虽然从贸易流量上看中日双边贸易以产业内贸易为主,但实际上中日双边贸易仍是以基于比较优势的传统贸易方式来实现的。
Based on the relevant data in the world input-output database, this study analyzes the domestic production factors used by the two countries in the bilateral trade between 1995 and 2009 from the three aspects of the overall trade of bilateral trade, the final product and the intermediate trade, and the trade of different industries. The situation was analyzed. The results show that although the absolute amount of the four domestic factors of capital, high-tech labor, medium-skilled labor and low-skilled labor used by China and Japan in increasing bilateral trade is increasing from the viewpoint of value-added trade, China’s exports to Japan are mainly made up of capital and low-skilled labor. Japan’s exports to China are mainly made up of capital and medium-skilled labor, and the high-tech products used in Japan’s exports to China, The proportion of labor relative to China’s domestic exports to Japan uses a high proportion of high-tech labor in the domestic production of factors, and this situation is particularly evident in the bilateral trade in manufactured goods and final goods between China and Japan. This shows that although trade flows are modest, The bilateral trade between Japan and Japan is dominated by intra-industry trade. In fact, bilateral trade between China and Japan is still based on traditional trade based on comparative advantages.