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AIM:To investigate the role of O-GlcNAcylation of nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB) in retinal ganglion cell(RGC) death and analysedthe effect of Aralia elata(AE) on neurodegeneration in diabetic mice.METHODS: C57BL/6mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes were fed daily with AE extract or control(CTL) diet at the onset of diabetes mellitus(DM). Two months after injection of streptozotocin or saline,the degree of cell death and the expression of O-GlcN Ac transferase(OGT),N-acetyl-b-D-glucosaminidase(OGA),O-GlcN Acylated proteins,and O-GlcNAcylation of NF-κB were examined.RESULTS: AE did not affect the metabolic status of diabetic mice. The decrease in the inner retinal thickness(P<0.001 vs CTL,P<0.01 vs DM) and increases in RGCs with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated d UTP nick end labelling(P<0.001 vs CTL,P<0.0001 vs DM),glial activation,and active caspase-3(P<0.0001 vs CTL,P<0.0001 vs DM) were blocked in diabetic retinas of AE extract-fed mice. Expression levels of protein O-Glc NAcylation and OGT were increased in diabetic retinas(P<0.0001 vs CTL),and the level of O-GlcNAcylation of the NF-κB p65 subunit was higher in diabetic retinas than in controls(P<0.0001 vs CTL). AE extract downregulated O-GlcNAcylation of NF-κB and prevented neurodegeneration induced by hyperglycemia(P<0.0001 vs DM).CONCLUSION: O-GlcNAcylation of NF-κB is concerned in neuronal degeneration and that AE prevents diabetes-induced RGC apoptosis via downregulation of NF-κB O-GlcNAcylation. Hence,O-GlcNAcylation may be a new object for the treatment of DR,and AE may have therapeutic possibility to prevent diabetes-induced neurodegeneration.
AIM: To investigate the role of O-GlcNAcylation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) in retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death and analyzed the effect of Aralia elata (AE) on neurodegeneration in diabetic mice. METHODS: C57BL / 6 mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes were fed daily with AE extract or control (CTL) diet at the onset of diabetes mellitus (DM). Two months after injection of streptozotocin or saline, the degree of cell death and the expression of O-GlcN Ac transferase ( OGT), N-acetyl-bD-glucosaminidase (OGA), O-GlcN Acylated proteins, and O-GlcNAcylation of NF-κB were observed .RESULTS: AE did not affect the metabolic status of diabetic mice. The decrease in the inner retinal (P <0.001 vs. CTL, P <0.01 vs DM) and increases in RGCs with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated d UTP nick end labeling (P <0.001 versus CTL, P <0.0001 vs DM), glial activation, and active caspase- 3 (P <0.0001 vs CTL, P <0.0001 vs DM) were blocked in the diabetic retinas of AE extract-fed mice. Expression levels of prot ein O-GlcNAcylation and OGT were increased in diabetic retinas (P <0.0001 vs CTL), and the level of O-GlcNAcylation of the NF-κB p65 subunit was higher in diabetic retinas than in controls (P <0.0001 vs CTL). AE extract downregulated O-GlcNAcylation of NF-κB and prevented neurodegeneration induced by hyperglycemia (P <0.0001 vs DM) .CONCLUSION: O-GlcNAcylation of NF-κB is concerned in neuronal degeneration and that AE prevents diabetes-induced RGC apoptosis via downregulation of O-GlcNAcylation may be a new object for the treatment of DR, and AE may have therapeutic to prevent diabetes-induced neurodegeneration.