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油田弱碱三元复合驱采出水的组成复杂,主要包括未分离的原油、悬浮固体、聚合物、碱、表面活性剂和化学药剂等。该研究针对大庆油田弱碱三元复合驱采出水的特点,采用厌氧折流板反应器(anaerobic baffled reactor,ABR)生物处理工艺对其进行处理。研究表明,在反应器稳定驯化驱油菌群的60 d中,随着驯化时间的延长,水力停留时间由最初72 h逐步缩短至24 h,增强菌群对复合驱采出水有机质的去除能力。经过3个月的驯化,检测各个指标发现,原水的油去除效率高达99.80%;悬浮固体含量去除率达94.40%,由初始的151.30 mg/L降至3.33 mg/L;表面活性剂含量降至10 mg/L以下,去除率50%;总碱度3 360 mg/L,去除率16%;聚合物含量650 mg/L,去除率7%,粘度下降20%。经气质联用仪检测原水与出水中主要物质发现其中的39种污染物大部分被去除,总体水质有显著改善,达标油田出水回注要求。
Oilfield weak base ASP flooding complex composition of water, including non-isolated crude oil, suspended solids, polymers, alkali, surfactants and chemical agents. In this study, anaerobic baffled reactor (anaerobic baffled reactor, ABR) biological treatment process was adopted to deal with the characteristics of the produced water from the weak base ASP flooding in Daqing Oilfield. The results showed that with the acclimation time prolonging, the hydraulic retention time was gradually reduced from the first 72 h to 24 h in the 60 d of stable domesticating and displacing oil-producing bacteria group, which enhanced the ability of the flora to remove organic matter from the composite flooding recovery water. After three months of domestication and testing of various indicators, the removal efficiency of crude oil was as high as 99.80% and the suspended solids content was reduced to 94.40% from the original 151.30 mg / L to 3.33 mg / L. The surfactant content decreased to 10 mg / L, removal rate of 50%; total alkalinity of 3 360 mg / L, removal rate of 16%; polymer content of 650 mg / L, removal rate of 7%, viscosity decreased by 20%. Most of the 39 pollutants in raw water and effluent were detected by GC-MS. Most of the 39 pollutants were removed, and the overall water quality was significantly improved, meeting the requirements of effluent injection for oilfields.