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本文运用布迪厄的文化生产场域理论,通过分析有限生产场域及大规模生产场域的特性及其运作模式,对当下文学翻译应该译什么、由谁译的大讨论从翻译社会学视角进行审视。研究指出,任何文学翻译都兼有不同程度的传播文化和促进交流的功能,但严肃或高雅文学的翻译本质上属于有限生产场域,担负更多的文化传播功能,参与者竞争的重点是象征资本,其文学市场意义不是最重要的,更关注文学本身的意义、文学史的意义。大众或通俗文学的翻译本质上属于大规模生产场域,对促进不同文化间的交流发挥更即时的作用,参与者竞争的重点是经济资本。这些特点决定了后者可依赖市场运作,而国家战略支持应向前者倾斜。
This article uses Bourdieu’s theory of cultural production field to analyze the characteristics of the limited production area and large-scale production area and its operation mode, what should be translated for contemporary literary translation, and from the perspective of translation sociology Review. The study points out that any literary translation has both the function of communicating culture and promoting communication to some extent. However, the translation of serious or elegant literature belongs to a limited production field in essence and takes on more functions of cultural communication. Participants’ competition focuses on symbolic Capital, the significance of its literary market is not the most important, more attention to the significance of the literature itself, the significance of literary history. The translation of popular or popular literature is essentially a large-scale production field and plays a more immediate role in promoting exchanges between different cultures. Participants’ competition focuses on economic capital. These characteristics determine that the latter can rely on market operations, while national strategic support should be tilted toward the former.