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Pre-heat treatment is a vital step before cold ring rolling and it has significant effect on the microstructure and mechanical properties of rolled rings. The 100Cr6 steel rings were subjected to pre-heat treatment and subsequent cold rolling process. Scanning electron microscopy and tensile tests were applied to investigate microstructure characteristic and mechanical property variations of 100Cr6 steel rings undergoing different pre-heat treatings. The results indicate that the average diameter of carbide particles, the tensile strength and hardness increase, while the elongation decreases with the decrease of cooling rate. The cooling rate has minor effect on the yield strength of sample. After cold ring rolling, the ferrite matrix shows a clear direction along the rolling direction. The distribution of cementite is more homogeneous and the cementite particles are finer. Meanwhile, the hardness of the rolled ring is higher than that before rolling.