论文部分内容阅读
利用D饱和最优设计研究了氮磷肥对黑土浅层土壤氮素累积和移动的影响,结果表明,氮磷肥对NO-3 -N含量的影响随着土层的加深逐渐减弱,并且施用尿素的NO-3 -N累积大于施用硝铵。在降雨高峰期存在NH+4 -N向下层土壤的移动,其移动时间滞后于NO-3 -N。尿素施入土壤后对NH+4 -N的累积无明显影响,对NO-3 -N的累积有促进作用。而不同用量的NH+4 -N肥的施入则促进了NH+4 -N的移动和累积。因此黑土玉米农田生态系统氮素做追肥时尿素和硝铵相比尿素更易造成地下水的硝酸盐污染。黑土玉米农田生态系统在作物拔节前期向土壤中施入氮素,将造成这一时期NO-3 -N对地下水的短期污染。
The effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers on the accumulation and movement of nitrogen in the shallow soils of black soil were studied by D-optimal design. The results showed that the effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers on the NO-3 -N content gradually weakened with the deepening of the soil layers, NO-3-N accumulation is greater than the use of ammonium nitrate. During the rainfall peak, NH + 4 -N migrated into the lower soil and its movement time lagged behind NO-3 -N. The application of urea to the soil had no significant effect on the accumulation of NH + 4-N, and promoted the accumulation of NO-3-N. However, the application of NH + 4 -N fertilizers with different amounts promoted the movement and accumulation of NH + 4 -N. Therefore, black soil corn farm ecosystem nitrogen to do topdressing urea and ammonium nitrate than urea more likely to cause groundwater nitrate pollution. The black soil maize farmland ecosystem applied nitrogen to the soil before the crop jointing, which will cause short-term pollution of groundwater by NO-3-N during this period.