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目的对芜湖市C群流行性脑脊髓膜炎(以下简称流脑)临床及流行特征进行分析,为C群流脑防控工作提供依据。方法对2004~2005年C群流脑个案调查进行分析。结果C群流脑发病以13~17的中学生为主,占68.18%;病死率较高,为22.73%。死亡病例病情进展迅速,从发病至死亡平均时间为21h,最短的仅5.5h。传染源以隐性感染者为主,所有病例均没有同班级及居家集中现象,发病时间呈现不连续的3个时间段,时间段间隔超过最长潜伏期。发病由开始的局部爆发地区向周边地区扩散,成散发状态。10岁以下小年龄组发病病情较重,病死率较高。有54.55%的病例皮肤出现不同程度的出血点、瘀点、瘀斑;50%的病例血象白细胞总数超过20×109/L,88.33%的病例中性粒细胞超过80%,少数病例超过90%。结论C群流脑病例大多病情较重,尤其是小年龄组儿童,病情进展较快,病死率较高。C群流脑疫情发生时,要及时、规范、积极地救治病人,对危重病人应就地治疗。要减少高危易感人群聚集,对易感人群及时提供免疫保护。
Objective To analyze the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis in Group C of Wuhu City (hereinafter referred to as " Methods The investigation of C group meningitis cases from 2004 to 2005 was analyzed. Results The incidence of ECM in group C was mainly between 13-17 middle school students, accounting for 68.18%; the mortality rate was high, accounting for 22.73%. Death cases progress rapidly, from onset to death average time of 21h, the shortest only 5.5h. The main source of infection was latent infection, all cases did not have the same class and home concentration, the onset time showed discontinuous three time periods, the time interval over the longest incubation period. Incidence from the beginning of the local outbreak of the region spread to the surrounding area, into the distribution status. Small age group under 10 years old incidence of severe illness, high mortality. There were 54.55% cases of different degrees of skin bleeding, petechia, ecchymosis; 50% of the total number of blood leukocytes more than 20 × 109 / L, 88.33% of the cases more than 80% of neutrophils, a few cases of more than 90% . Conclusion Most cases of group C meningitis are in severe condition, especially in children with small age. The disease progresses rapidly with a high case fatality rate. When group C meningitis occurs, it is necessary to timely and standardize and treat patients aggressively and treat critically ill patients locally. To reduce the high risk of susceptible population aggregation, the timely provision of immunoprotective susceptible populations.