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目的了解宁波市学龄前儿童的视力不良状况,为视力保健工作提供依据和对策。方法在宁波市辖4个区随机整群抽取5所幼儿园进行调查,共有1 146人2 292眼接受调查。结果儿童视力不良检出率为33.25%,按眼数统计为30.02%,随年龄增加,视力不良率下降,其中4岁组与6岁组,5岁组与6岁组的视力不良检出率差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.83,P<0.01;2χ=6.13,P<0.05)。各年龄组均是轻度视力不良者最多,其次为中度视力不良者,高度视力不良者很少。散光是导致视力不良的第一大原因,构成比为52.33%,其余依次是发育因素(17.73%)、近视(9.30%)、远视散光(7.12%)、近视散光(6.69%)、远视(4.22%)、其他(2.62%)。结论宁波市学龄前儿童的视力不良情况比较严重,建立幼托机构的三级分工合作的视力保健工作模式非常必要。
Objective To understand the poor vision of preschool-age children in Ningbo and to provide the basis and countermeasures for the visual health care work. Methods A total of 4 kindergartens were randomly selected from 4 districts in Ningbo City for investigation. A total of 1 292 eyes were enrolled, and 2 292 eyes were investigated. Results The detection rate of poor eyesight was 33.25% in children and 30.02% in eyes. With the increase of age, the rate of poor eyesight decreased. The detection rate of poor eyesight in 4 years old group, 6 years old group, 5 years old group and 6 years old group The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 7.83, P <0.01; 2χ = 6.13, P <0.05). All age groups were the most with mild hypopia, followed by moderate hypoplasia, and very few high vision acuity. Astigmatism was the leading cause of poor eyesight, with a ratio of 52.33%. The rest were developmental factors (17.73%), myopia (9.30%), hyperopia astigmatism (7.12%), myopic astigmatism %), Others (2.62%). Conclusions The preschool children in Ningbo have worse visual acuity. It is very necessary to set up the visual acuity health care work mode of the three-level division and cooperation of preschool education.