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在电子、汽车及音响器件的制造中,稀土永磁材料NdFeB与钢构件之间连接通常采用机械连接或粘接的方法,而关于钢与磁材料焊接的研究与应用还未见报道。为实现钢磁异质材料之间快速和高质量的连接,该文探索采用激光点焊方法连接SPCC(steel plate cold commercial)钢与NdFeB永磁体,并对接头的形成过程、硬度、强度和断裂行为进行了研究。结果表明:激光点焊过程中,两种母材受热快速熔化、混合、凝固形成接头;接头中硬度分布不均匀,热影响区的硬度比NdFeB母材低,熔核内熔核线附近区域硬度最高,熔核中部硬度最低;接头断裂应力可达到磁体强度的75%;熔核与磁体界面上容易出现热裂纹,结合较弱,因此剪切试验中接头主要从这一区域发生断裂,断裂为晶间断裂,是典型的脆性断裂。
In the manufacture of electronic, automotive and audio devices, the connection between rare earth permanent magnet materials NdFeB and steel components is usually made by mechanical connection or bonding method. However, research and application of welding between steel and magnetic materials have not been reported yet. In order to realize the fast and high quality connection between steel magnetic heterogeneous materials, this paper explores the laser spot welding method to connect SPCC (steel plate cold commercial) steel and NdFeB permanent magnet, and analyzes the forming process, hardness, strength and fracture Behavior was studied. The results show that during the laser spot welding, the two base metals melt quickly, mix and solidify to form a joint under the heat. The hardness distribution in the joint is not uniform. The hardness in the HAZ is lower than that of the NdFeB matrix. The hardness in the vicinity of the nugget The highest, the lowest hardness in the middle of the nugget; the fracture stress of the joint can reach 75% of the strength of the magnet; hot cracking easily occurs on the interface between the nugget and the magnet, and the bonding is weak; therefore, the joint in the shear test mainly breaks from this region, Intergranular fracture is a typical brittle fracture.