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【背景】2007年6月,云南省首次在嵩明县发现稻水象甲,为掌握其年发生世代、成虫和幼虫种群消长动态及其越冬特点开展此项研究。【方法】2008—2010年,采用田间系统调查法对云南省昆明市嵩明县大桥村稻区稻水象甲的种群发生规律进行了研究。【结果】每年4月初气温回升(4月气温9.0~24.1℃,均温16.1℃),稻水象甲越冬成虫开始出土活动,从稻田周边越冬场所迁移至稻埂或秧田取食杂草和秧苗。5月中旬,随水稻的移栽,迁移至大田为害并产卵,孵化后的幼虫取食水稻根系。6月中旬水稻分蘖期,幼虫发生量达到高峰,虫量为3.17~11.33头·丛-1;7月中下旬水稻孕穗期,也是形成土茧的高峰期,土茧量5.90~9.00头·丛-1;7月下旬—8月中旬水稻抽穗和扬花期,成虫大量出现,数量达0.21~4.85头·网-1;8月中旬水稻乳熟期,成虫逐渐迁移至稻田附近向阳坡面的田埂和沟埂上,主要集中在0~3 cm有杂草覆盖的浅土层越冬,直至翌年的4月底,最大越冬虫量98.33~266.00头·m-2。【结论与意义】稻水象甲在云南省嵩明县水稻区年发生1~1.5代;种群发生动态与水稻的生育期紧密相关,4月初越冬成虫为害秧苗,7月份是防治成虫的关键时期。
【Background】 In June 2007, Yunnan Province, the first discovery of rice water weevil in Songming County, carried out this study in order to understand the dynamics of the growth and decline of the adult, adult and larval populations in its annual occurrence. 【Method】 From 2008 to 2010, field population survey was used to study the population occurrence of rice water weevil in paddy rice area of Daqiao Village, Songming County, Kunming City, Yunnan Province. 【Result】 The temperature started to rise in early April (the temperature in April was 9.0 ~ 24.1 ℃, and the average temperature was 16.1 ℃). The overwintering adults started to unearthed, migrating from the winter sites around the paddy fields to the paddy fields or the seedlings for feeding the weeds and seedlings . In mid-May, with the transplanting of rice, it migrated to the field to damage and lay eggs. The hatched larvae fed on the rice roots. In mid-June, the number of larvae reached the peak at the tillering stage of rice, and the number of larvae was 3.17-11.33 clumps-1. In the middle and late of July, the peak of soil cocoon formation was at the peak of soil cocoon formation. The amount of soil cocoon was 5.90-9.00 - 1; In late July to mid-August, the number of adults reached to 0.21 ~ 4.85 at heading and flowering stage, and the number of adults reached 0.1 ~ 4.85 in the middle of August. And ditch 埂, mainly concentrated in 0 ~ 3 cm weeds cover the shallow soil overwintering until the end of April the following year, the maximum amount of overwintering insect population of 98.33 ~ 266.00 head · m-2. 【Conclusion and significance】 Rice water weevil occurs in the rice area of Songming County, Yunnan Province for 1 to 1.5 generations. The population dynamics are closely related to the growth stage of rice. Early in April, the overwintering adult pests are the seedlings, and July is the critical period for controlling adults .