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比较管理研究分为管理视角、文化视角、制度与演化视角三种范式。本文首先分析了各种范式的优势和不足,论证了它们之间的互补性。比较管理对不同管理模式的研究需要选取一定的管理要素,三种范式在管理要素的选取上存在一定的分歧,比较管理研究应主要从管理职能活动(管理系统的表层)中选取一些重要的、具有可比性的变量作为管理要素。通过梳理各范式对管理模式演化过程的分析,本文发现管理模式的演化具有一些内生性规律,可以将这种规律归纳为企业个体、群体和环境三个不同层次或类别的系统的共同演化过程。最后,本文构建了一个可将各类比较管理研究范式有效整合的分析框架,该整合框架将管理基因作为自变量,将管理机制作为中介变量,将管理有效性和企业有效性作为因变量。
Comparative management research is divided into management perspective, cultural perspective, system and evolution perspective three paradigms. This paper first analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of various paradigms and demonstrates their complementarity. Comparative management of different management models need to select a certain number of management elements, the three paradigms in the selection of management there are some differences, comparative management research should be mainly from the management function of activities (management system surface) to select some of the important, Comparable variables as management elements. By combing the evolution of management paradigms in different paradigms, this paper finds that the evolution of management paradigms has some endogenous rules, which can be summarized as the co-evolution of three different levels or categories of enterprises, groups and environments. Finally, this paper constructs an analytical framework that can effectively integrate various types of comparative management paradigms. The framework integrates management genes as independent variables, management mechanisms as mediating variables, management effectiveness and firm effectiveness as dependent variables.