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目的了解北京市朝阳区婚检与孕检医学检查中艾滋病、梅毒、乙型肝炎感染情况。方法回顾性分析2008-2015年朝阳区《婚前医学检查年报表》和《疾病分类编码表》及检验科信息管理系统,对21 302名婚检人群的男女双方艾滋病、梅毒、乙型肝炎结果以及8年来婚检与孕检结果进行统计学对比分析。结果在北京市大力推行免费婚检的背景下,朝阳区整体婚检率略有降低,由2008年的7.31%降到2015年的5.37%。在婚检传染性疾病中,HBs Ag阳性居首位,检出率为19.90‰,男性高于女性,且男女受检者HBsAg阳性率存在统计学差异(χ~2=19.131,P=0.000);在梅毒和艾滋病检测中,男女受检者阳性率均无统计学差异(χ_梅~2=1.298,P梅=0.225;χ_艾~2=2.989,P_艾=0.126)。在孕期检查中,乙肝自2012年以来呈现增长趋势,HBsAg阳性检出率明显大于婚检,且两者对比差异具有统计学意义(χ~2=38.975,P=0.000);在梅毒和艾滋病检测中,孕检与婚检检出率比较无统计学差异(χ_梅~2=0.635,P_梅=0.288;χ_艾~2=1.321,P_艾=0.294)。结论在母婴艾滋病、梅毒、乙型肝炎的防治中,孕检起到了重要的作用,但是孕检不能代替婚检;婚检作为预防两性和新生儿感染的第一道防线,不应该被撤除,应将艾滋病、梅毒、乙型肝炎作为婚姻登记人群的必检项目。
Objective To understand the prevalence of AIDS, syphilis and hepatitis B in medical examination of pregnant and pregnant women in Chaoyang District, Beijing. Methods A retrospective analysis of 2008-2015 Chaoyang District “premarital medical examination annual report” and “disease classification code table” and clinical laboratory information management system, 21 302 premarital people in both men and women of AIDS, syphilis, hepatitis B results and 8 The results of premarital and premarital examinations over the years were statistically analyzed. Results In the background of vigorous implementation of free premarital examination in Beijing, the overall rate of premarital examination in Chaoyang District decreased slightly from 7.31% in 2008 to 5.37% in 2015. Among the premarital infectious diseases, the positive rate of HBs Ag was the highest, with a positive rate of 19.90 ‰, higher in males than in females, and there was a significant difference in HBsAg positive rates between male and female subjects (χ ~ 2 = 19.131, P = 0.000). In syphilis and HIV testing, there was no significant difference in the positive rates of male and female subjects (χ ~ Mei ~ 2 = 1.298, P Mei = 0.225; χ_ Ai ~ 2 = 2.989, P_ Ai = 0.126). HBsAg positive detection rate was significantly higher than that of premarital examination in pregnancy examination, and the difference between the two was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 38.975, P = 0.000); in the detection of syphilis and AIDS , Pregnancy test and premarital detection rate was no significant difference (χ_ Mei ~ 2 = 0.635, P_mei = 0.288; χ_ Ai ~ 2 = 1.321, P_ Ai = 0.294). Conclusion Pregnancy test plays an important role in the prevention and control of maternal and infant AIDS, syphilis and hepatitis B, but pregnancy test can not replace premarital examination. Premarital examination should not be removed as the first line of defense against infection of both sexes and neonates. AIDS, syphilis, hepatitis B as the check-in items for marriage registration.