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伴随着新航路的开辟和地理大发现时代的到来,海洋成为一种新的资源,其带来的利用价值甚于中世纪,引起了各国的重视。在重商主义原则的指导下,发展对外商业贸易,争夺商业霸权成为各个国家经济活动的主题。争夺海洋霸权是实现商业霸权的首要前提,由此引发了各国关于海权问题的种种冲突。在这样的背景下,格老秀斯和塞尔登分别基于荷英两国利益,以英荷两国海洋捕鱼权之争为契机,展开了关于海洋归属问题的大论战,从而奠定了国际海洋法公海航行自由、无害通过和200海里专属经济区原则的基础。
With the opening up of the new route and the arrival of the era of geographical discovery, the oceans have become a new kind of resource. Their utilization value is even higher than that of the Middle Ages, arousing the attention of all countries. Under the guidance of mercantilism, developing foreign trade and commerce and competing for commercial hegemony have become the main themes of the economic activities of various countries. Scramble for maritime hegemony is the primary precondition for realizing commercial hegemony, which has triggered various conflicts among nations on the issue of maritime rights. Against this backdrop, Grotius and Selden, respectively, based on the interests of both Britain and the Netherlands, took the opportunity of the dispute over maritime fishing rights between Britain and the Netherlands as an opportunity to launch a grand debate on the issue of maritime ownership, thus laying the foundation for the international oceans Legal freedom in the open sea, lawless passage and the basis of the principle of an exclusive economic zone of 200 nautical miles.