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目的了解大学生的膳食营养状况,为指导大学生进行合理饮食提供科学依据。方法从武汉工业学院、中国地质大学(武汉)和湖北工业大学分层整群抽取1 400名学生,编制大学生食物频率问卷,并进行膳食调查。结果 3所高校大学生能量及营养素摄入均较充足;武汉工业学院男生和女生的膳食纤维及男生的硫胺素摄入不足,分别占推荐摄入量的78.7%,79.7%和78.6%;中国地质大学男生和女生的膳食纤维摄入不足,分别占推荐摄入量的占79.3%和78.0%。3所高校整体男生和女生每日所得三大营养素所提供的能量占总能量的百分比基本在正常范围内;每日所摄取的优质蛋白均比较充足,分别占总蛋白的57.3%和59.3%。3所高校男生在维生素C摄入上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);女生在脂肪和维生素E摄入上差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。结论高校大学生日常饮食中能量和其他营养素摄入充足,膳食纤维摄入稍微偏低,建议平时多食粗粮。
Objective To understand the nutritional status of college students and provide a scientific basis for guiding college students in their rational diet. Methods A total of 1,400 students from Wuhan Polytechnic University, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan) and Hubei Polytechnic University were stratified into clusters. The college students’ food frequency questionnaire was prepared and the dietary survey was conducted. Results The intakes of energy and nutrients of college students in three universities were all sufficient. The intakes of dietary fiber and male students in Wuhan Polytechnic Institute were not enough, accounting for 78.7%, 79.7% and 78.6% of the recommended intake, respectively Geofloats boys and girls lack of dietary fiber intake, accounting for the recommended intake accounted for 79.3% and 78.0%. The percentage of total energy supplied by the three nutrients derived from the daily intake of boys and girls in the three universities was basically within the normal range. The daily intakes of high quality protein were more than 57.3% and 59.3% of the total respectively. There were significant differences in intake of vitamin C among 3 male college students (P <0.05). There was significant difference in female students’ intake of fat and vitamin E (P all <0.05). Conclusion College students daily intake of energy and other nutrients adequate intake of dietary fiber slightly lower, it is recommended to eat more coarse grains.