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采用水溶液聚合法,以氧化淀粉、丙烯酸(AA)、二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(DMDAAC)为原料,通过接枝共聚制备了一种软膜型抑尘剂(抑尘剂液体干燥后形成具有一定韧性的软膜)。与聚乙烯醇类壳型抑尘剂(干燥后形成很脆的壳层)相比,软膜型抑尘剂提高了煤粉固化层的抗破裂能力。由抗震荡性试验可知,使用膜型抑尘剂后,经过18 h的震荡,煤粉的损失率仅为1.91%,而使用壳型抑尘剂后煤粉的损失率为4.85%。还测定了2种抑尘剂的保湿性和耐破度。利用红外光谱对产物的结构进行了表征,采用SEM观察了该产物在煤粉表面形成的膜层形貌。试验结果表明,散煤运输中膜型抑尘剂在减少煤粉损失和控制扬尘污染方面性能优于壳型抑尘剂。
An aqueous solution polymerization method was used to prepare a soft film-type dust suppressant (dust-suppressant liquid-dry) by oxidative starch, acrylic acid (AA) and dimethyldiallylammonium chloride (DMDAAC) After the formation of a certain toughness of the soft film). Compared with the polyvinyl alcohol type shell dust suppressant (which forms a very brittle shell after drying), the soft film type dust suppressant improves the burst resistance of the pulverized coal solidified layer. According to the test of anti-shock, the loss rate of pulverized coal is only 1.91% after 18 h shock after using membrane type dust suppressor, while the loss rate of pulverized coal after using dust suppressant is 4.85%. Two kinds of dust suppressants were also tested for moisture retention and burst resistance. The structure of the product was characterized by infrared spectroscopy. The morphology of the film formed on the surface of pulverized coal was observed by SEM. The test results show that the film-type dust suppressant in bulk coal transportation is better than the shell type dust suppressant in reducing coal loss and controlling dust pollution.