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真空预压地下水位变化规律的争议源于对其概念认识不足及测量技术存在短板。从土中水的存在形式、水位面势能状态和水位参考基准面等要素出发,将真空预压地下水位重新定义为土中重力水的重力场水压分量为零的绝对高程。提出了准确测量真空预压地下水位必须满足的两个基本条件,分析了现有水位测量技术受水位管滤管段分布的影响而产生的两个负面作用——滤管段的竖向排水作用与不透水管段的密闭效应。提出了分段式浮标水位测量新技术,埋设全滤管段外管,内置配以特殊橡胶凹凸隔板的分段式浮标液位计,既能够做到闭口测量,又有效解决了滤管段分布的负面影响,理论上是一种适用于真空预压膜下负压条件下的地下水位测量技术。
The controversy about the vacuum preloading groundwater level change is caused by the lack of understanding of the concept and the shortcomings of the measurement technology. The vacuum pre-pressure groundwater level is redefined as the absolute elevation of the water pressure component of the gravitational field in the earth’s gravitational water from the elements of the water in the earth, the potential energy status of the water level surface, and the reference level of the water level. Two basic conditions that must be met to accurately measure vacuum pre-pressure groundwater level are proposed, and two negative effects of the existing water level measurement technology influenced by the distribution of the water level pipe section are analyzed—the vertical drainage effect of the filter pipe section and the Sealing effect of permeable sections. A new technology for sub-level buoy water level measurement was proposed. The outer tube of the full-filter section was buried, and a sub-level buoy level gauge equipped with a special rubber concave-convex separator was built. This can not only achieve closed-end measurement, but also effectively solve the distribution of the filter section. The negative impact is theoretically a kind of groundwater level measurement technique suitable for vacuum under pre-pressure membrane under negative pressure conditions.