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目的探讨职业性铅暴露作业人员血细胞参数和血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力的变化。方法选择75例某铅冶炼厂熔炼车间接触铅烟、铅尘作业工人为接触组,50例该厂不接触铅的行政及销售人员为对照组,测定2组人员尿铅含量、8项血细胞参数指标和血清SOD活力,比较2组的差异;同时对作业工人接触铅烟、铅尘的浓度进行测定。结果接触组尿铅含量为(0.058±0.092)mg/L,与对照组相比明显增高(P<0.01);血红蛋白含量与对照组相比明显降低(P<0.05);血清SOD活力为(109.80±26.35)U/ml,与对照组相比明显增高(P<0.01),且随着工龄的增加而增高。结论职业性铅暴露可使体内铅负荷增加,导致血红蛋白含量降低和血清SOD活力下降。
Objective To investigate the changes of blood cell parameters and serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in occupational lead exposure workers. Methods 75 cases of lead smelter workshop contact with lead smoke, lead dust workers for the contact group, 50 cases of the factory does not contact with the lead of the administrative and sales staff as a control group, two groups of urine lead levels were measured, eight blood cell parameters Indicators and serum SOD activity, compared the difference between the two groups; at the same time, workers exposed to lead smoke, lead dust concentration was determined. Results The content of lead in the exposed group was (0.058 ± 0.092) mg / L, which was significantly higher than that in the control group (P <0.01). The hemoglobin content in the exposed group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P <0.05) ± 26.35) U / ml, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (P <0.01), and increased with the increase of seniority. Conclusion Occupational exposure to lead can lead to an increase in lead load in the body leading to a decrease in hemoglobin and a decrease in serum SOD activity.