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目的分析湖北省荆州市血吸虫病疫情变化趋势,为制定下阶段防治策略提供依据。方法收集整理2004-2014年荆州市9个县(市、区)血吸虫病疫情年报资料和综合治理措施落实情况,建立Excel表格,采用SPSS软件对数据进行统计分析。结果 2004年以来,荆州市血吸虫病疫情逐年下降,2014年全市人群血吸虫感染率为0.40%,比2004年下降了95.72%,拟合指数方程y=11.067e~(-0.240x),R2=0.899(F=80.40,P<0.01)。2007年急性血吸虫病发病率降至0.5/10万以下,2010年以后无急性血吸虫感染发生。流行病学调查推算荆州市现有血吸虫病人降至22 547人,比2004年下降了85.87%。耕牛血吸虫感染率降至0,下降了100%,拟合指数方程为y=15.69e~(-0.3398x),R~2=0.878(F=73.11,P<0.01)。实有钉螺面积31 084.00 hm~2,比2004年减少了1 931.21 hm~2,下降了5.91%。2012年感染性钉螺降至0,之后未再发现感染性钉螺。2013年以行政村为单位,人、畜血吸虫感染率均降至1%以下。结论通过实施血吸虫病重点项目、整县推进和省部联动综合治理项目,荆州市血吸虫病疫情显著下降。但巩固防治成果、阻断和消除血吸虫病传播的任务依然艰巨。
Objective To analyze the trend of the epidemic situation of schistosomiasis in Jingzhou City of Hubei Province and provide the basis for making prevention and control strategies in the next stage. Methods The data of annual reports of schistosomiasis in 9 counties (cities and districts) in Jingzhou from 2004 to 2014 were collected and analyzed. The implementation of comprehensive control measures was collected. An Excel spreadsheet was created and the data were analyzed by SPSS software. Results Since 2004, the epidemic rate of schistosomiasis in Jingzhou has been declining year by year. In 2014, the prevalence of schistosomiasis in the whole city was 0.40%, down 95.72% compared with that in 2004. The fitting index equation y = 11.067e ~ (-0.240x), R2 = 0.899 (F = 80.40, P <0.01). In 2007 the incidence of acute schistosomiasis dropped to 0.5 / 100 000 or less, no acute schistosome infection after 2010. According to the epidemiological survey, the number of schistosomiasis patients in Jingzhou City dropped to 22 547, down 85.87% from 2004. The infection rate of schistosoma japonicum reduced to 0 and decreased by 100%. The fitting index equation was y = 15.69e -0.3398x, R ~ 2 = 0.878 (F = 73.11, P <0.01). The actual snail area was 31 084.00 hm ~ 2, which was 1931.21 hm ~ 2 less than in 2004, down by 5.91%. Infectious snails dropped to 0 in 2012, and no infectious snails were found. In 2013, in administrative villages, the infection rates of human and animal schistosomiasis dropped below 1%. Conclusion Through the implementation of key projects of schistosomiasis, the entire county to promote and the provincial Department of integrated control project, Jingzhou schistosomiasis significantly decreased. However, the task of consolidating prevention and treatment results and blocking and eliminating the spread of schistosomiasis remains arduous.