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细菌卟吩在近红外区(700~900 nm)有较强的长波吸收,这一性质使其区别于其他四吡咯大环化合物,并且在光化学研究上具有不可比拟的优越性,成为光动力疗法治疗癌症优异的光敏剂。但由于细菌卟吩人工合成难度大,从而限制了其大规模的推广应用。概述了细菌卟吩的合成研究进展,主要包括以叶绿素和细菌叶绿素为母体合成细菌卟吩的半合成法,对卟啉或二氢卟吩的大环进行修饰的还原法,以及以简单化合物为起始物,通过多步反应制得细菌卟吩的全合成法等,通过这些方法可以合成出一些结构复杂的细菌卟吩。分析了目前几种细菌卟吩合成方法的优缺点及存在的问题,为未来的合成研究提供了参考。
Bacterial porphyrin in the near infrared region (700 ~ 900 nm) has a strong long-wave absorption, which makes it different from other tetrapyrrole macrocyclic compounds, and in the photochemical studies with unparalleled superiority, a photodynamic therapy Excellent photosensitizer for cancer treatment. However, due to the difficulty of artificial synthesis of bacterial porphin, which limits its large-scale promotion and application. The research progresses in the synthesis of bacterial porphin were summarized, including the semisynthesis method of synthesizing bacterial porphin with chlorophyll and bacterial chlorophyll, the reduction method of modifying the macrocycle of porphyrin or chlorin, Starting materials, the total synthesis of bacterial porphin by multi-step reaction, etc., by which some of the complex structure of porphyrin can be synthesized. The advantages and shortcomings of existing methods for the synthesis of bacterial porphin were analyzed. The results provided references for future synthetic studies.