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在发展中国家和世界其他各个地方建立国有企业的依据在很大程度上是基于市场的运作失灵,那也就是在某些情况下市场无法提供最佳的结果,比如某产品产量不足,或社会贫富悬殊。例如像电力、通讯、供水和港口那些通常被称为“自然垄断”的行业往往被认为是市场失灵的典型例子,政府对这些部门的运作进行干预。在发展中国家,由于某些政治上的考虑也建立了很庞大的国有企业部门,例如避免外国势力主宰某些行业。政府希望国有企业可以有助于发展“战略”部门,由国有企业来填补市场的空白,提供就业机会,从而提高储蓄和投资水平。
The basis for the establishment of state-owned enterprises in developing countries and other parts of the world is largely based on the malfunctioning of the market. That is, in some cases, the market cannot provide the best results, such as insufficient production of a certain product or society. Disparity. For example, industries such as electricity, telecommunications, water supply, and ports that are often referred to as “natural monopolies” are often considered to be typical examples of market failures. The government intervenes in the operation of these sectors. In the developing countries, due to certain political considerations, a very large state-owned enterprise sector has also been established, such as avoiding foreign powers to dominate certain industries. The government hopes that state-owned enterprises can help develop the “strategic” sector. State-owned enterprises can fill gaps in the market and provide job opportunities so as to increase savings and investment levels.