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北京效区彰化农场是经营蔬菜果树的园艺农场,1953年种植白菜面积为558.2亩,平均每亩产18,205.75斤,其中有15亩丰产地,平均每亩22,914斤。全面并超额完成生产计划。1953年在白菜栽培过程中,初步改变了过去在大面积蔬菜栽培上,以小农方式的耕作方法,除了使用拖拉机耕地以外,如打垅作畦、中耕除草、追肥等作业,都使用了三齿中耕器去代替手工农具;仅在中耕除草一项作业中,因使用了三齿中耕器,不仅提高工作效率达5倍以上,并且提高了工作质量。这一系列的改进,不但使1953年白菜产量提高一步,较1952年增产164.89%;并开闢大面积蔬菜栽培机械化的广阔前途,同时更显示出国营农场的大面积栽培的优越性。兹将其栽培过程与栽培经验,介绍如下:
Beijing area Changhua farm is engaged in vegetable and fruit trees horticultural farm, in 1953 planted cabbage an area of 558.2 acres, an average of 18,205.75 pounds per mu, of which 15 acres of high yield, with an average of 22,914 pounds per mu. Complete and over-complete production plan. In 1953, during cabbage cultivation, the method of cultivating small farmers in large areas was changed initially. In addition to the use of tractors for farmland cultivation, operations such as planting, planting, weeding and top dressing all used three-tooth Cultivators to replace hand tools; only in a crop weeding operation, the use of a three-tooth cultivator, not only to improve work efficiency up to 5 times, and improve the quality of work. This series of improvements not only increased the output of cabbage in 1953 by one step, but also increased it by 164.89% over 1952. It also opened up broad prospects for the mechanization of large-scale vegetable cultivation and at the same time showed the superiority of large-scale cultivation of state-owned farms. Here’s its cultivation process and cultivation experience, introduced as follows: