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目的:探讨风险分级护理对膝关节镜手术患者术后下肢深静脉血栓形成（DVT）及生命质量的影响，为临床护理方案的制订提供参考。方法:选择北京积水潭医院收治的1 140例膝关节镜手术患者为研究对象，其中2018年1—12月收治的529例患者纳入对照组，给予常规护理干预，2019年1—12月收治的611例患者纳入观察组，在常规护理干预的基础上给予风险分级护理，比较2组患者DVT发生率、肢体肿胀情况、生命质量水平、护理满意度。结果:观察组DVT发生率、术后Homan征和Neuhof征阳性率分别为2.78%（17/611）、3.93%（24/611）、4.91%（30/611），低于对照组的5.10%（27/529）、10.02%（53/529）、11.72%（62/529），差异有统计学意义（n χ2=4.12、16.70、17.72，均n P<0.05）；观察组术后3 d踝上5 cm、髌下10 cm、髌上15 cm周径和体表温度分别为（21.30 ± 1.72）、（34.89 ± 2.75）、（46.69 ± 4.58）cm和（33.14 ± 1.40）、（34.45 ± 1.52）、（35.22 ± 1.36）℃，均优于对照组的（22.88 ± 1.43）、（35.91 ± 1.81）、（49.18 ± 4.23）cm和（34.39 ± 1.22）、（35.88 ± 1.49）、（35.97 ± 1.31）℃，差异有统计学意义（n t值为-16.74~-7.25，均n P<0.05）；观察组干预后生命质量中一般健康、生理功能、生理职能、精神健康、社会功能、情感职能、躯体疼痛、躯体活力维度评分分别为（75.84 ± 5.33）、（79.78 ± 5.71）、（76.71 ± 4.14）、（84.91 ± 4.15）、（75.53 ± 4.19）、（78.80 ± 6.76）、（74.85 ± 3.49）、（78.61 ± 3.52）分，高于对照组的（71.39 ± 4.28）、（75.44 ± 6.26）、（73.05 ± 4.09）、（80.15 ± 6.87）、（71.66 ± 4.18）、（74.89 ± 6.23）、（71.14 ± 5.20）、（74.66 ± 5.14）分，差异有统计学意义（n t值为10.10~15.57，均n P<0.05）；观察组沟通、安全、护理技术、护理、指导、环境满意度评分分别为（4.54 ± 0.42）、（4.75 ± 0.46）、（4.54 ± 0.52）、（4.60 ± 0.48）、（4.60 ± 0.53）、（4.30 ± 0.64）分，高于对照组的（3.93 ± 0.34）、（3.98 ± 0.37）、（3.96 ± 0.41）、（3.93 ± 0.38）、（3.85 ± 0.36）、（3.74 ± 0.38）分，差异有统计学意义（n t值为17.62~30.82，均n P<0.05）。n 结论:风险分级护理有利于减轻膝关节镜手术患者术后肢体肿胀，降低DVT发生率，提升生命质量，提高护理满意度。“,”Objective:To explore the effects of risk grading nursing on the prevention of postoperative deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and quality of life in patients undergoing knee arthroscopic surgery.Methods:A total of 1 140 patients undergoing knee arthroscopic surgery in Beijing Jishuitan Hospital were selected. The 529 cases with routine nursing from January to December 2018 were selected as the control group, while another 611 cases with risk grading nursing from January to December 2019 were selected as the observation group. The incidence of DVT, limbs swelling, quality of life and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results:The incidence of DVT and the positive rates of Homan sign and Neuhof sign were 2.78% (17/611), 3.93% (24/611), 4.91% (30/611) in the observation group, and 5.10% (27/529), 10.02% (53/529), 11.72% (62/529) in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (n χ2=4.12, 16.70, 17.72, all n P<0.05). The peripheral diameter and body surface temperature at 5 cm above the ankle, 10 cm below the patella and 15 cm above the patella were (21.30 ± 1.72) cm, (34.89 ± 2.75) cm, (46.69 ± 4.58) cm, (33.14 ± 1.40) ℃, (34.45 ± 1.52) ℃, (35.22 ± 1.36) ℃ in the observation group, and (22.88 ± 1.43) cm, (35.91 ± 1.81) cm, (49.18 ± 4.23) cm, (34.39 ± 1.22) ℃ (35.88 ± 1.49) ℃, (35.97 ± 1.31) ℃ in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (n t values were -16.74--7.25, all n P<0.05). The scores of general health, physiological function, physiological function, mental health, social function, emotional function, body pain and body vitality were (75.84 ± 5.33), (79.78 ± 5.71), (76.71 ± 4.14), (84.91 ± 4.15), (75.53 ± 4.19), (78.80 ± 6.76), (74.85 ± 3.49), (78.61 ± 3.52) points in the observation group, and (71.39 ± 4.28), (75.44 ± 6.26), (73.05 ± 4.09), (80.15 ± 6.87), (71.66 ± 4.18), (74.89 ± 6.23), (71.14 ± 5.20), (74.66 ± 5.14) points in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (n t values were 10.10-15.57, all n P<0.05). The satisfaction scores of nursing communication, safety, nursing technology, nursing, guidance and physical environment were (4.54 ± 0.42), (4.75 ± 0.46), (4.54 ± 0.52), (4.60 ± 0.48), (4.60 ± 0.53), (4.30 ± 0.64) points in the observation group, and (3.93 ± 0.34), (3.98 ± 0.37), (3.96 ± 0.41), (3.93 ± 0.38), (3.85 ± 0.36) (3.74 ± 0.38) points in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (n t values were 17.62-30.82, all n P<0.05).n Conclusions:Risk grading nursing is beneficial to alleviate postoperative limb swelling in patients after knee arthroscopic surgery, reduce incidence of DVT, improve quality of life and nursing satisfaction.