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随着年龄增长高血压的发病率明显增高。我国1979年高血压抽样普查总结资料,北京市65岁以上人群的高血压患病率高达40.52%,其它地区虽低于北京,但也明显高于青壮年组。美国资料称:一般成人中高血压的发病率为16%,年龄在65岁以上者发病率增加至50%左右。高血压是引起心血管病死亡的主要因素,是脑卒中、冠心病的重要易患因素之一。Osffold等观察3,400例65--74岁的老人,高血压患者脑卒中的发病率比血压正常者多两倍,而且收缩期血压升高比舒张期血压的关系更为密切。Colandrea也报导收缩期型高血压患者的心血管疾病死亡率比血压正常的对照组高7倍。以往大多只强调舒张期高血压在致病上的重要性,实质上老年人的收缩期型高血压对预后的影响也很大。
With age, the incidence of hypertension is significantly increased. In our country, the prevalence of hypertension in 1979 was 40.52% in Beijing. However, the prevalence of hypertension in Beijing was lower than that in Beijing, but it was also significantly higher than that in young adults. According to the U.S. data, the prevalence of hypertension in adults is 16%, and the prevalence of those over the age of 65 is increased to about 50%. Hypertension is the leading cause of death from cardiovascular disease and is an important predisposing factor for stroke and coronary heart disease. Osffold et al. Observed 3,400 elderly 65-74 years old. The incidence of stroke in hypertensive patients was twice as high as that in normal blood pressure, and systolic blood pressure was more closely related to diastolic blood pressure. Colandrea also reported that cardiovascular mortality in patients with systolic hypertension was 7 times higher than in patients with normotensive controls. Mostly in the past only emphasized the importance of diastolic hypertension in the pathogenesis, in essence, systolic hypertension in the elderly on the prognosis is also great.