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在通常温度下,细晶粒的金属材料具有较高的强度,这是众所周知的。金属的强度和晶粒大小的关系可以用Hall-Petch关系式来表示: σ=σ_0+kd~(-1/2), (1)其中σ是外加应力;d是晶粒大小;σ_0和k在一定温度一定应变速下是常数。一、Petch关系式的物理意义1.解理强度和晶粒大小的关系研究金属的强度和晶粒大小的定量关系,首先是从研究金属的解理强度开始的。继Hall研究了锌的解理强度和晶粒大小的关系之后,Petch也从试验上证明,软钢和铁在-196℃的解理强度和晶粒大小之间有下列的
It is well-known that fine grain metal materials have higher strength at typical temperatures. The relationship between the strength of the metal and the grain size can be expressed by the Hall-Petch relationship: σ = σ_0 + kd ~ (-1/2), where σ is the applied stress, d is the grain size, σ_0 and k At a certain temperature constant velocity is constant. First, the physical meaning of Petch relationship 1. Cleavage strength and the relationship between grain size The quantitative relationship between metal strength and grain size, the first study from the cleavage strength of the metal began. Following Hall’s study of the relationship between cleavage strength and grain size of zinc, Petch also experimentally demonstrated that the mild steel and iron have the following between the cleavage strength at -196 ° C and the grain size