论文部分内容阅读
马泰医师:維持正常人的37℃体溫,主要依靠产热和散热的平衡。机体产热的一小部分被利用为能量,大部分則放散出去,其形式为:(1) 皮肤幅射和对流:正常生活中不超过50％。(2) 蒸发:蒸发1毫升汗液能带走0.58千卡热,每天不自觉汗100—700毫升。在30℃环境中每天出汗达2500毫升,高温作业工人每天出汗可达9000毫升。(3) 呼吸:每天散热約250千卡。(4) 尿及大便:散热量极少。体温調节是通过中枢神經系統及体液系統。其中枢散在于皮层、間脑、延脑、脊髓及視丘下部。当环境温度升高,造成体温調节障碍时产生中暑。其中最重要的是散热机能不良。正常人在60℃环境中,15分钟即发生体温調节障碍,60分钟即可增加体溫0.5—1.5℃,自然湿度,气流及机体状态亦有明显关系。
Ma Tai doctor: to maintain normal body temperature of 37 ℃, mainly rely on the balance of heat and heat. A small part of the body’s heat is used as energy, most of it is dissipated in the form: (1) skin radiation and convection: no more than 50% of normal life. (2) Evaporation: Evaporation 1 ml of sweat can take 0.58 kilocalories, 100-700 ml do not consciously sweat every day. In 30 ℃ environment sweating up to 2500 ml per day, high temperature workers sweat up to 9000 ml per day. (3) Breathing: about 250 kcal a day cooling. (4) urine and stool: little heat dissipation. Body temperature regulation is through the central nervous system and body fluid system. The center scattered in the cortex, diencephary, medulla, spinal cord and hypothalamus. When the ambient temperature increases, resulting in temperature regulation disorders produce heat stroke. One of the most important is the poor thermal performance. Normal 60 ℃ environment, 15 minutes that occurs in the regulation of body temperature, 60 minutes to increase body temperature 0.5-1.5 ℃, the natural humidity, airflow and body state also have a clear relationship.