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本文采用异质性企业分析框架,考察了政府管制影响行业出口依存度的微观机制和作用渠道,并运用29个省份的制造业细分行业数据对我国行业出口依存度的影响因素进行了经验分析.研究发现,政府管制对我国本土企业的出口扩张形成了强有力的制约;外商投资则缓解了政府管制带来的制度扭曲,并充当了内资企业“保护伞”,从而促进了制度依赖型行业出口依存度的上升.对内外资企业的差别待遇,是行业出口依存度的重要解释因素.另外,地区人力资本禀赋的改善也有利于提高产业出口依存度,但显著性不高.“,”This paper investigates the microeconomie mechanism and channels through which government regulation may affect export dependence at the industry level in the context of heterogeneous firms. Then by using cross - industry data across 29 provinces, the paper empirically analyzes the determinants of industry export dependence. The results show that, domestic market distortions induced by government regulation put strong constraints on domestic firms' export activity; While foreign investment mitigates the institution distortion of government regulation, and acts as a protective umbrella for domestic firms, thus increases the export dependence of institution intensive industries. This result implies that the discriminatory treatment between foreign firms and domestic firms is crucial for the expla- nation of industries' export dependence. In addition, local human capital endow- ment also has positive effect on industries' export dependence, but the effect is rather weak.