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20世纪60年代,在板块理论建立的同时,对变形岩石和矿田构造作定量分析以替代定性分析的有限应变测量方法也建立了起来。定量分析的主要标志是将摩尔圆方法从力学引入到地质学,同时也引入矿田构造分析中,并且得到改进与发展。有限应变摩尔圆为分析岩石大变形而建立,极摩尔圆随后为分析广布于野外岩石中的一般剪切变形而建立。我国著名学者李四光在此之前将应力摩尔圆和库仑准则从力学领域介绍到构造地质学,尔后一些中国学者为改进和发展极摩尔圆方法作出了自己的贡献。本文以浅显的方式解释摩尔圆的基本概念和作图方法,附带做些练习和解答。
In the 1960s, with the establishment of plate theory, a finite strain measurement method of quantitative analysis of deformed rock and ore field structures instead of qualitative analysis was also established. The main mark of quantitative analysis is the introduction of the Moiré method from mechanics to geology, as well as the analysis of orefield structure analysis, and its improvement and development. The finite strain Moore circle was established for the analysis of large deformations of the rock, and the polar Moore circle was subsequently established for the analysis of general shear deformation widely distributed in the wild rock. Before this, Li Siguang, a famous scholar in our country, introduced stress Moore’s Circle and Coulomb’s criterion from mechanics to tectonics. Later, some Chinese scholars made their own contributions to the improvement and development of the Moore’s Circle. This article explains in simple terms the basic concepts and methods of Moore’s Circle, with some exercises and answers.