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Objective: To evaluate the myocardial protective effect of Gualou Xiebai Banxia decoction (瓜蒌薤白半夏汤) GXBD) and explore the mechanisms of inhibition of NF-kappa B activation and blockade of inflammatory responses induced by ischemia-reperfusion in rats.Methods: Twenty-four Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three groups.Rats in the treatment group received GXBD (13 g crude drug/kg) for three weeks,while rats in the model control and normal control groups received equal volumes of distilled water.On the 22nd day,rats in the ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) control and GXBD-treated groups underwent 30 min occlusion of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery,followed by 120 min reperfusion.Electrocardiogram was recorded,and the activities of cardiac enzymes,cytokines,and NF-kB were assessed after I/R.Results: Compared with the I/R control group,GXBD treatment restored the activity of the specific myocardial-injury marker creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH),and inhibited the inflammatory response involving the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway,including down-regulation of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6,and up-regulation of IL- 10 gene expression.Conclusion: GXBD strongly reduced myocardial impairment in our I/R model,including inhibition of NF-κB activation and inflammatory cytokine responses.