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[目的]了解上海市中学生的饮酒率、平均饮酒量,探讨饮酒行为的影响因素,为制定干预措施提供依据。[方法]根据地理位置从上海市选取4个区,每个区从学校列表上随机选择初中和高中,共计抽选18所中学,对其中4801名中学生进行了横断面问卷调查。收集一般人口学特征、饮酒种类及频率、饮酒态度及行为等信息。[结果]所调查的中学生的曾饮酒率、过去一年饮酒率和最近一个月饮酒率分别为50.9%、39.8%和15.1%;前2位的饮酒类型均为啤酒、葡萄酒;上海中学生主要在朋友聚会和家庭聚会时饮酒,饮酒的获得方式初中生主要从家中拿酒(34.81%),而普通高中和职业高中生主要为自己买酒(分别占43.75%和43.31%)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,相对于上海男性中学生来说,上海女性中学生饮酒比例更低;相对于父母对其饮酒持允许态度的中学生来说,父母对其持中立或反对态度的中学生饮酒比例更低;相对于朋友中基本无人饮酒(<10%)的中学生来说,有少数朋友(10%~50%)和多数朋友饮酒(>50%)的中学生饮酒比例更高;相对于吸烟的中学生来说,不吸烟中学生的饮酒比例更低。[结论]上海中学生过去一年饮酒率较高,影响因素多,需开展针对性的干预措施,减少其健康危害。
[Objective] To understand the drinking rate and average amount of drinking of middle school students in Shanghai, and to explore the influencing factors of drinking behavior in order to provide basis for making interventions. [Method] Four districts were selected from Shanghai according to their geographical location. Each district randomly selected middle school and high school from the school list. A total of 18 middle schools were selected, of which 4801 secondary school students were surveyed by cross-sectional questionnaire. Collect general demographic characteristics, type and frequency of drinking, attitudes and behaviors of drinking. [Results] The drinking rate of drinking water of the middle school students surveyed in the past year was 50.9%, 39.8% and 15.1% respectively in the past year and the most recent month. The top two drinking types were beer and wine. Drinking and Drinking at Friends Gathering and Family Encouragement Junior high school students mainly take home wine (34.81%), while ordinary high schools and vocational high school students buy wine for themselves (43.75% and 43.31% respectively). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the percentage of middle school students in Shanghai was lower than that of Shanghai middle school students. Relative to the high school students who were allowed to drink by their parents, their proportion of middle school students who were neutral or objectionable was more (10% -50%) and most friends (> 50%) have a higher proportion of drinking alcohol among middle school students who basically have no drinking (<10%) among their friends. Compared with those who smoke Middle school students, non-smoking secondary school drinking a lower proportion. [Conclusion] The middle school students in Shanghai have a high drinking rate and many influencing factors in the past year, and they need to carry out targeted interventions to reduce their health hazards.