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目的了解南京地区甲真菌病的临床分类、致病菌种分布等情况。方法对305例镜检阳性的甲真菌病患者进行真菌培养、菌种鉴定及临床分析。结果共培养出致病菌株165株,培养阳性率为54.1%。皮肤癣菌占91%,其中红色毛癣菌占95%,其次是须癣毛癣菌占5%;酵母菌占4.2%,白念珠菌占57%;非皮肤癣菌霉菌占4.8%,以枝顶孢霉为主(占75%),混合感染1例。临床类型以远端侧位甲下型最为常见(占48.2%),其次分别为浅表白色型(24.9%)和全甲破坏型(23.3%)。结论南京地区甲真菌病致病菌以皮肤癣菌为主,其次是非皮肤癣菌霉菌和酵母菌,红色毛癣菌为甲真菌病的优势致病菌。临床类型以远端侧位甲下型居多,其他依次为浅表白色型、全甲破坏型、近端甲下型。就诊人群以20~50岁居多,女性多于男性。
Objective To understand the clinical classification of Onychomycosis in Nanjing and the distribution of pathogenic bacteria. Methods 305 cases of onychomycosis positive for fungal culture, strain identification and clinical analysis. Results A total of 165 strains of pathogens were cultured, the positive rate of culture was 54.1%. Dermatophytes accounted for 91%, of which Trichophyton rubrum accounted for 95%, followed by Trichophyton mentagrophytes accounted for 5%; yeast 4.2%, Candida albicans 57%; non dermatophytes mold accounted for 4.8% to Acremonium mainly (75%), mixed infection in 1 case. The most common clinical type was lateral hypothyroidism (48.2%), followed by superficial white type (24.9%) and full alpha destructive type (23.3%), respectively. Conclusion The main pathogens of onychomycosis in Nanjing are dermatophytes, followed by non-dermatophytes and yeasts, and Trichophyton rubrum is the predominant pathogen of onychomycosis. The clinical type to the distal lateral hypothyroidism, followed by the other for the superficial white, full of destructive, proximal hypothyroidism. Visiting populations mostly in 20 to 50 years, more women than men.