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三、韧性断口韧性断裂是指材料因局部塑性变形或剧烈滑移而引起的最终分离。机械构件由于韧性断裂造成的失效,往往与应力过载有关。韧性断裂的典型例子是圆棒抗拉试样的杯锥状断口,宏观断口最突出的形貌是具有纤维状标记,呈暗灰色,凹凸不平,于杯锥状断口的杯底部;剪切唇是另一宏观特征,其断口较光滑,往往呈倾斜,于杯锥状断口的锥部。韧性断口的微观形貌主要有韧窝和滑移等特征。
Third, ductile fracture toughness fracture refers to the material due to local plastic deformation or severe slip caused by the final separation. Failure of mechanical components due to ductile fracture is often related to stress overload. A typical example of ductile fracture is the conical cup-shaped fracture of a round bar tensile specimen. The most prominent appearance of the macroscopic fracture is a fiber-like mark with a dark gray color and unevenness at the bottom of the cup with a conical cup-shaped fracture. The shear lip Is another macroscopic feature that has a more smooth fracture and tends to be inclined at the cone of the conical fracture of the cup. The microscopic appearance of ductile fracture mainly includes dimples and slippage.