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目的:了解北京地区子宫内膜癌发病情况及相关因素,从而为采取有针对性的预防措施提供客观、科学的决策依据。方法:病例对照方法。以2001-01-01-2002-12-31北京市居民中临床首次确诊尚存活并追访到的子宫内膜癌患者421例作为病例组,按1∶3比例取年龄相差4岁以内、居住在同一个社区者匹配1 263名女性作为对照组。结果:内膜癌患者发病年龄22~84岁,平均年龄56.83岁。绝经后发病者占60.8%。单因素卡方检验显示,内膜癌的发生与以下因素有关:职业、收入、被动吸烟、戒烟年限、饮酒、体质量指数、月经生育、避孕、激素替代及使用他莫西芬情况、高血压、糖尿病、甲亢、不孕症、子宫内膜异位症、一侧卵巢切除、一二级亲属中有人患子宫癌或卵巢癌。结论:内膜癌的发病率在北京市呈稳定而缓慢的上升趋势,城区高于郊县,但是发病率仍≤10/10万。月经初潮早、不孕、肥胖、高血压、糖尿病、激素替代治疗、使用他莫西芬及内膜癌家族史,这些因素为内膜癌的高危因素。
Objective: To understand the incidence of endometrial cancer in Beijing and related factors, so as to provide targeted preventive measures to provide objective and scientific basis for decision-making. Method: Case-control method. To 2001-01-01-2002-12-31 Beijing residents in the clinic for the first time confirmed the survival and follow-up to endometrial cancer in 421 patients as a case group, according to the ratio of 1: 3 to take the difference in age within 4 years of living In the same community, 1,263 women were matched as controls. Results: The incidence of endometrial cancer patients aged 22 to 84 years, mean age 56.83 years. Postmenopausal patients accounted for 60.8%. Univariate analysis showed that the occurrence of endometrial cancer was related to the following factors: occupation, income, passive smoking, smoking cessation period, drinking, body mass index, menstrual birth, contraception, hormone replacement and the use of tamoxifen, hypertension , Diabetes mellitus, hyperthyroidism, infertility, endometriosis, ovariectomy on one side, and one of the first or second degree relatives is suffering from uterine cancer or ovarian cancer. Conclusion: The incidence of endometrial cancer in Beijing showed a steady and slow upward trend. The urban area was higher than that in the suburbs, but the incidence was still ≤10 / 100,000. Early menarche, infertility, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, hormone replacement therapy, the use of tamoxifen and family history of endometrial cancer, these factors are risk factors for endometrial cancer.