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目的探讨不同性别患者年龄、吸烟、高血压病、糖尿病、血脂代谢紊乱、家族史与冠心病发病的关系。方法收集2008年11月至2009年5月在廊坊市人民医院心内科住院的496例冠心病患者,核实全部病史情况,将数据进行统计学分析。结果总计496例患者中(男311、女185),吸烟、高血压病、糖尿病、血脂代谢紊乱、家族史以及年龄在60岁以上的人所占百分比,男性分别为:47%,52%,31%,46%,23%,52%;女性分别为:9%,50%,53%,49%,26%,74%。其中,吸烟比率男性明显高于女性(P<0.05),高血压病、血脂代谢紊乱和家族史对不同性别冠心病的作用强度无差别,糖尿病和年龄对女性冠心病的作用强度明显大于男性(P<0.05),但年龄在60岁以上的患者中,女性血脂代谢紊乱的比率远远高于男性(男性41%、女性59%)。结论不同性别冠心病主要危险因素存在差异,糖尿病和血脂代谢紊乱是老年女性冠心病的主要危险因素。
Objective To investigate the relationship between age, smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, family history and the incidence of coronary heart disease in different gender. Methods A total of 496 CHD patients hospitalized in the Department of Cardiology, Langfang People’s Hospital from November 2008 to May 2009 were collected to verify the history of all cases and the data were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 496 patients (male 311, female 185), smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, family history and the percentage of people over the age of 60 were 47%, 52% 31%, 46%, 23% and 52% respectively; women are 9%, 50%, 53%, 49%, 26% and 74% respectively. Among them, the smoking rate was significantly higher in males than in females (P <0.05). There was no difference in the intensity of hypertension, dyslipidemia and family history in different genders of CHD, and the effect of diabetes and age on females was significantly greater than that of males P <0.05), but the proportion of women with dyslipidemia was significantly higher than those of men (41% for males and 59% for females) in patients over 60 years of age. Conclusions The main risk factors of CHD are different. Diabetes and dyslipidemia are the main risk factors of coronary heart disease in elderly women.