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目的了解青海省农牧区居民的结核病知识、行为和态度现状。方法采用整群随机抽样的方法对目标人群进行肺结核防治知识、信念和行为的现况调查。结果青海农牧区居民对结核病的认知程度相对较高,知晓率高达88.22%,但对其主要的传播途径和的典型症状的知晓率较低,分别为32.73%和11.51%;对结核病治疗的相关国家政策知晓率较高,达68.26%,但对结核病的检测机构和防治机构的知晓率水平不高。在患病后就诊倾向方面的调查显示,仅20.41%的人会选择去医院看病,14.66%的调查者选择结核病防治机构或定点医院就诊而高达10.00%的不知道如何处理;对结核病传染源的认知调查显示,56.03%的人认为与结核患者接触将会增加自己感染的机率,33.99%的调查者表示愿意与患者接触,75.00%的人表示将隐瞒自己的感染状况。结论通过社会动员和实施健康教育及健康促进策略,协调政府卫生、教育、财政、劳动等相关部门共同承担结核病防控的社会责任,共同开展广泛深入的传播活动。
Objective To understand the status quo of tuberculosis knowledge, behavior and attitude among residents in farming and pastoral areas in Qinghai Province. Methods A cluster random sampling method was used to investigate the status quo of tuberculosis control knowledge, beliefs and behaviors among the target population. Results Residents in Qinghai’s farming and pastoral areas had a relatively high level of awareness of TB with an awareness rate of 88.22%. However, their awareness of the main routes of transmission and the typical symptoms were low (32.73% and 11.51% respectively) The awareness rate of relevant national policies is high, reaching 68.26%, but the level of awareness about the testing organizations and prevention and treatment institutions of tuberculosis is not high. A survey on the prevalence of post-illness diagnosis shows that only 20.41% of people choose to go to the hospital for medical treatment, 14.66% of respondents choose to go to TB control institutions or designated hospitals and up to 10.00% do not know how to deal with them; According to the cognitive survey, 56.03% of the respondents think the contact with TB patients will increase their chances of infection, 33.99% of respondents said they are willing to contact with patients, and 75.00% of them said they will hide their infection status. Conclusions Through social mobilization and implementation of health education and health promotion strategies, relevant government departments such as government health, education, finance and labor jointly coordinate their social responsibility for tuberculosis prevention and control and jointly carry out extensive and in-depth communication activities.