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陆架斜坡海域海洋环境复杂多变,水下声基阵在该海域实际应用时,阵元接收信号的幅度和相位会发生畸变,阵元间信号相关性减弱,会带来波束形成器阵增益的严重下降,进而导致声呐探测性能的损失.目前陆架斜坡海域不同波束形成器阵增益的研究较少见,本文在各向同性噪声场假设条件下,针对陆架斜坡海域上坡波导环境中水平阵的常规波束形成器(CBF)、最小方差无失真响应波束形成器(MVDR-BF)和特征值波束形成器(EBF)的阵增益进行仿真研究.结果表明:(1)CBF和MVDR-BF的阵增益均与声场水平纵向相关性有关,当水平阵的阵元个数超过一定值时,两种波束形成器的阵增益均不再随着阵元个数的增加而增大;(2)EBF的阵增益由信号协方差矩阵最大特征值与其所有特征值之和的比值决定;(3)当接收数据信噪比为.10 dB时,MVDR-BF的阵增益高于CBF,但两者均小于EBF的阵增益.
When the underwater acoustic base array is actually used in this sea area, the amplitude and phase of the received signal of the array element will be distorted, the signal correlation between the array elements will be weakened, and the gain of the beamformer array will be brought And the loss of sonar detection performance will be greatly reduced.At present, there are few studies on the gain of different beamformer arrays in the coastal slope waters. In this paper, under the assumption of isotropic noise field, (MVDR-BF) and eigenvalue beamformer (EBF) are studied by simulation.The results show that: (1) the array of CBF and MVDR-BF The gain is related to the vertical correlation of the sound field level. When the number of elements in a horizontal array exceeds a certain value, the array gains of the two beamformers no longer increase with the number of elements. (2) The EBF The array gain is determined by the ratio of the maximum eigenvalue of the signal covariance matrix to the sum of all its eigenvalues. (3) The array gain of the MVDR-BF is higher than the CBF when the received data signal-to-noise ratio is .10 dB, but both Less than EBF array gain.