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水土保持治沟骨干工程主要布设在小流域的支、毛沟。其作用是:保护下游小多成群的淤地坝,缓洪拦泥淤地,减轻下游危害,稳定沟床,防治沟壑侵蚀。 建国以来,黄河中游地区治沟打坝取得了很大成绩。据不完全统计,已兴建大小淤地坝近3万座,拦泥约90亿吨,工程管理上也积累了丰富的经验。但是,长期以来由于“重建轻管”,致使管理机构不健全,管理技术力量薄弱,坝系工程不配套,控制运用不良,出现了一些病、险坝库,水毁现象时有发生,同时坝地利用率、保收率较低,水沙资源未得到合理利用。为了有效地控制水土流失,改变当地农业生产基本条件,发展农业生产,治理黄河,必须加强对现有沟道工程和新建的治沟工程管理,做到“安全、高效、低耗、生产”,充分发挥治沟骨干工程的作用。
Water and Soil Conservation The main projects of harnessing ditches are located in the small watershed branches and furrows. Its role is: to protect the downstream small flocks of silt dam, flood mitigation silt, reduce the downstream hazards, stabilize the ditch, prevent gully erosion. Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, great achievements have been made in damming dikes in the middle reaches of the Yellow River. According to incomplete statistics, about 30,000 large-sized warping dams have been built and about 90 billion tons of mud blocks have been constructed. Project management has also accumulated rich experience. However, for a long time, due to the “rebuilding of the light pipe”, the management structure is not perfect and the technical strength of management is weak. The dam system is not complete and the control is poorly applied. Some diseases, dangerous dams and water damage occur from time to time. Utilization rate, low recovery rate, water and sediment resources are not properly used. In order to effectively control soil and water loss, change the basic conditions for local agricultural production, and develop agricultural production and harness the Yellow River, we must strengthen the management of existing trench projects and new trench management projects so as to achieve “safe, efficient, low-consumption and production” Give full play to the role of backbone projects.