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目的了解长沙市小学生学习能力现况,初步探讨其影响因素,为学校家庭教育提供理论依据。方法以分层整群随机抽样方法从长沙市五个行政分区分别抽取一所小学4、5、6年级各两个班共1200名小学生,运用AATPS(Academic Aptitude Test for Primary School,小学生学习能力倾向测验)进行学习能力倾向测试及非智力影响因素调查分析。结果长沙市小学生(4—6年级)学习能力总分为21.41±7.377,多因素分析结果表明学习能力的影响因素依次为年级、学习态度、母亲文化、父亲文化、父亲惩罚严厉、焦虑情绪、家庭经济状况、早期教育、成绩期望、发展期望和学习关注。结论社会、学校家庭都应该为孩子创造一个良好的学习环境,老师应该注意引导学生正确的学习态度,家长应注意对孩子的教养方式,不要过分严厉,不要对孩子过高期望,给孩子带来心理负担,并努力提高自身文化素质以适应培育新一代的要求。
Objective To understand the current situation of primary school students’ learning abilities in Changsha and to explore the influential factors, so as to provide a theoretical basis for school home education. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 1200 pupils from two classes of grade 4, grade 5 and grade 6 respectively from five administrative divisions of Changsha City. AATPS (Primary Aptitude Test for Primary School) Test) for learning ability test and analysis of non-intelligence factors. Results The total score of primary school students (grade 4-6) in Changsha was 21.41 ± 7.377. The results of multivariate analysis showed that the influencing factors of learning ability were grade, attitude toward learning, mother’s culture, father’s culture, severe punishment of father, anxiety, family Economic status, early education, achievement expectations, development expectations and learning concerns. Conclusions Both society and school families should create a good learning environment for their children. Teachers should pay attention to guiding students’ correct learning attitude. Parents should pay attention to their parenting style. They should not be too harsh, do not expect too much from their children and bring them to children Psychological burden, and strive to improve their own cultural qualities to adapt to the requirements of cultivating a new generation.