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为明确转基因抗草甘膦抗虫棉对棉田天敌群落多样性的影响,于2010—2012年在田间隔离条件下,采用节肢动物群落调查方法,对转基因抗草甘膦抗虫棉田、Bt棉田和常规棉田的天敌种类及数量进行系统调查,统计3种棉田天敌的群落特征参数并分析比较其在年份间和年度内的变化。结果表明,转基因抗草甘膦抗虫棉田天敌群落的特征参数与另2种棉田均无显著差异。3种棉田天敌群落多样性指数、均匀性指数和优势集中性指数的时间动态规律在同年份基本一致,且随棉花生育期而呈现阶段性变化,前二者表现为5月底或6月初开始上升,6月中下旬至8月中旬达到并保持同等的较高水平,8月下旬呈下降趋势;而后者则在棉花生长前期和后期处于较高水平,7—8月中间生长期处于较平稳的低水平。转基因抗草甘膦抗虫棉田的优势天敌种类比较稳定,与其它2类棉田相比,天敌群落的优势种基本一致,仅有个别种群的优势度有所差异。表明种植转基因抗草甘膦抗虫棉对棉田天敌群落结构的影响较小,不会扰乱天敌群落的稳定性,其合理种植更有利于优势天敌的生存和繁殖。
In order to clarify the effect of transgenic glyphosate resistant insect-resistant cotton on the natural enemies community diversity in cotton field, arthropod community survey method was used to study the effects of transgenic glyphosate resistant insect-resistant cotton fields, Bt cotton fields and The species and quantity of natural enemies in conventional cotton fields were systematically investigated. The community characteristic parameters of three natural enemies were statistically analyzed and compared in the year and the year. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the characteristic parameters of the natural enemy community and the other two cotton fields in transgenic glyphosate-resistant cotton fields. The dynamics of time series of diversity index, evenness index and dominant concentration index of three natural enemy communities in cotton were basically the same in the same year and showed a periodical change with the growth period of cotton. The former two showed an increase in late May or early June Reaching the same high level in the middle and late June to the middle of August, followed by a downward trend in late August, while the latter was at a relatively high level in the early and late cotton growing periods and relatively stable in the middle of July-August Low level. The dominant natural enemies in the transgenic glyphosate-resistant cotton field were relatively stable. Compared with other two types of cotton fields, the dominant species in the natural enemy community were basically the same, and only the dominance of individual populations varied. The results showed that transgenic glyphosate-resistant cotton had little effect on the structure of natural enemies in cotton fields and did not disturb the stability of natural enemies. The reasonable planting would benefit the survival and reproduction of predominant natural enemies.