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目的 探讨肾母细胞瘤综合治疗方法，以期进一步提高存活率并改善生存质量。方法 对１９５５ ～１９９６年３６９ 例肾母细胞瘤进行回顾性分析和随访，根据年代和治疗方法不同分为三个阶段。结果 第一阶段１９５５ ～１９７２ 年以手术治疗为主，部分病人加放疗，４ 年无瘤存活率为２８．７％ 。第二阶段１９７３ ～１９８９ 年全组病人虽加用化疗，但仅有５３ ％（１０６／２００） 完成全程规律化疗，４ 年无瘤存活率为６２．６％ 。第三阶段１９９０ ～１９９６ 年全组病人按计划完成综合治疗，４ 年无瘤存活率上升至８４．９％ 。结论 合理的综合治疗能显著提高肾母细胞瘤存活率。病理组织学分型和临床分期是影响预后的主要原因。
Objective To explore the comprehensive treatment of nephroblastoma, in order to further improve the survival rate and improve the quality of life. Methods 369 cases of nephroblastoma from 1955 to 1996 were retrospectively analyzed and followed up. According to the age and treatment methods, they were divided into three stages. Results The first stage was mainly surgical treatment from 1955 to 1972. Some patients treated with radiotherapy had a 4-year tumor-free survival rate of 28.7%. The second stage from 1973 to 1989, although the whole group of patients with chemotherapy, but only 53% (106/200) to complete the whole course of regular chemotherapy, 4-year disease-free survival rate of 62.6%. The third phase of 1990 to 1996 the whole group of patients completed the comprehensive treatment as planned, 4-year tumor-free survival rate rose to 84.9%. Conclusion A reasonable combination of treatment can significantly improve the survival rate of nephroblastoma. Histopathological type and clinical stage are the main factors affecting the prognosis.