论文部分内容阅读
目的应用心导管介入方法封堵冠状动脉制备兔急性心肌梗死模型。方法选择雄性新西兰兔,先行冠状动脉造影,利用导引钢丝将微导管置于左前降支远端,将高分子栓塞剂与碘油混合配制成封闭胶,经微导管注入血管,造成急性心肌梗死。术前、术中和术后1周记录心电图变化。实验终点切取心肌组织标本分别行苏木素—伊红(H.E)染色、氯化硝基四氮唑蓝(NBT)染色、免疫组化染色。结果造模动物20只,存活16只。冠脉造影显示封闭胶持续滞留于左前降支远端,提示血管完全堵塞。心电图提示存在动态变化,ST段抬高,病理性Q波逐渐形成。心脏大体观测提示左心室前侧壁呈灰白色为梗死区。E染色提示梗死区局部纤维组织增生、疤痕形成、钙盐沉积,缺血区肌束变性、炎症细胞浸润,符合典型心肌梗死的病理变化。NBT染色后测定梗死面积为28.32%±5.21%。免疫组化染色提示缺血区CD34阳性面积和血管新生密度明显高于梗死区及正常组织区(P<0.05)。结论通过心导管介入方法制备兔急性心肌梗死模型成功,避免了开胸损伤对实验结果的影响,更符合临床急性心肌梗死的病理特点。
Objective To establish a rabbit model of acute myocardial infarction by occlusion of coronary artery with cardiac catheterization. Methods Male New Zealand rabbits were selected for coronary angiography. Catheter was placed on the distal left anterior descending artery by guided wire. The polymer embolizing agent was mixed with lipiodol to form a closed adhesive. The microcapsule was injected into the blood vessel to cause acute myocardial infarction . Electrocardiographic changes were recorded preoperatively, intraoperatively and 1 week after surgery. At the end of the experiment, the myocardial tissue specimens were harvested and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H), nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) and immunohistochemistry respectively. The results of animal modeling 20, survival of 16. Coronary angiography showed that the sealant remained in the distal left anterior descending artery, suggesting that the blood vessels were completely blocked. Electrocardiogram prompted the existence of dynamic changes, ST-segment elevation, pathological Q wave gradually formed. General observation of the heart prompted the left ventricular anterior wall was gray for the infarct area. E staining suggested local fibrosis, scar formation, deposition of calcium, myocardial bundle degeneration in ischemic area and infiltration of inflammatory cells in infarction area, which was in line with the pathological changes of typical myocardial infarction. The area of infarction measured after NBT staining was 28.32% ± 5.21%. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that CD34 positive area and angiogenesis density in ischemic area were significantly higher than those in infarct area and normal tissue (P <0.05). Conclusion The successful preparation of rabbit model of acute myocardial infarction by cardiac catheterization method can avoid the influence of thoracotomy injury on the experimental results and more in line with the clinical features of acute myocardial infarction.