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目的:对华北地区29条军事坑道内32个平均储存20年左右的水库储水进行真菌学及其污染原因分析,为采取预防措施提供依据。方法:用沉降法对坑道空气真菌浓度进行检测。用萨布罗琼脂培养基以倾注法检测储水真菌浓度。对部分检出的空气和储水真菌菌株根据菌落形态特征及显微镜下生长结构进行鉴定。结果:①有散在或连成片状真菌斑膜的占37.5%,有大面积片状真菌斑膜的占25.0%,水面全部被真菌斑膜覆盖的占9.4%。②29条坑道空气真菌浓度平均2 532 CFU/m3。32个水库平均真菌浓度819.9 CFU/m l。③对1 734株空气真菌菌株及1 125株储水真菌菌株鉴定,均以青霉属(45%及46.8%)、曲霉属(12.9%及13.7%)、链格孢属(8.9%及6.8%)为优势菌。结论:储水真菌污染较普遍,污染原因主要是未采取消毒措施,空气中飘浮的真菌通过孔门及缝隙进入水库沉降水面造成污染。如果采取消毒措施,切断传播途径,严格管理制度,可以防止真菌污染,确保储水的卫生质量。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze mycology and its causes of contamination in 32 reservoir water reservoirs with an average storage capacity of 20 years in 29 military tunnels in North China, and provide evidences for preventive measures. Methods: The sedimentation method was used to detect the air fungi concentration in tunnel. The concentration of water-storing fungi was tested by pour-on using Sabro-agar medium. Part of the detected air and water fungi strains were identified according to the morphological characteristics of colonies and the growth structure under the microscope. Results: (1) There were 37.5% of plaque in scattered or even sheet form, 25.0% in large area of plaque fungus, and 9.4% in water. (2) The mean air fungal concentrations of 29 tunnels were 2 532 CFU / m3. The mean fungal concentrations of 32 reservoirs were 819.9 CFU / m l. ③A total of 1 734 strains of air fungi and 1 125 strains of water-storing fungi were identified and identified as Penicillium (45% and 46.8%), Aspergillus (12.9% and 13.7%), Alternaria (8.9% and 6.8 %) For the dominant bacteria. Conclusion: The contamination of water storage fungi is common. The main cause of pollution is that no disinfection measures are taken. The floating fungi in the air enter the reservoir sedimentation surface through the holes and crevices to cause pollution. If you take disinfection measures, cut off the route of transmission, strict management system, you can prevent fungal contamination, to ensure the health of water storage quality.