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为了更好地解释我国出口企业行为,本文构建了一个包含生产率和员工双重异质性的企业分类模型。模型结论表明:贸易成本对异质性员工和企业的分类模式有显著影响。由于需要支付不同的贸易成本,相对于纯内销企业,一般贸易出口企业雇佣最多的高技能员工,并支付最高的平均工资;纯加工贸易企业雇佣最少的高技能员工,并支付较低的平均工资。利用我国企业层面数据,本文对理论模型进行了经验检验,结果与模型的预测一致。
In order to better explain the behavior of China’s export enterprises, this paper constructs an enterprise classification model containing productivity and double heterogeneity of employees. The conclusion of the model shows that the trade cost has a significant effect on the classification model of heterogeneous employees and companies. Due to the need to pay different trade costs, compared with purely domestic sales companies, general trade exporters employ the most highly skilled workers and pay the highest average wage; pure processing trade companies employ the least highly skilled employees and pay lower average wages. . Using China’s enterprise-level data, this paper empirically tests the theoretical model and the results are consistent with the model’s prediction.