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目的:探讨高危出生与青春期体质量指数(BMI)的关系,为早期防治青春期超重肥胖提供参考。方法:调查成都市市区9～15岁的中小学生共7 194名,根据出生胎龄、出生体重确定高危出生儿童,测量高危儿童的身高、体重,计算BMI。结果:男生大于胎龄儿的超重及肥胖检出率均高于小于胎龄儿及适于胎龄儿(P<0.05),男、女生巨大儿超重、肥胖检出率均高于低出生体重儿及正常出生体重儿(P<0.05),而早产、足月产、过期产儿的超重和肥胖的检出率比较,无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:出生体重不仅是反映胎儿在宫内营养状况的指标,而且也是决定其青春期健康状况的重要因素之一,青春期超重肥胖的预防应该从胎儿期开始。
Objective: To explore the relationship between body mass index (BMI) at risk and adolescence and to provide reference for early prevention and treatment of overweight and obesity in adolescence. Methods: A total of 7 194 primary and secondary school students from 9 to 15 years old in urban area of Chengdu were surveyed. According to the gestational age at birth and birth weight, the children with high risk were identified. The height and weight of high risk children were measured to calculate BMI. Results: The prevalence of overweight and obesity in boys with more than gestational age were higher than that in children with less than gestational age and with gestational age (P <0.05). The detection rates of overweight and obesity in males and females were higher than those in low birth weight (P <0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the detection rate of overweight and obesity in premature, full-term and over-term children (P> 0.05). Conclusion: The birth weight not only reflects the nutritional status of the fetus in the uterus, but also determines one of the most important factors in adolescent health. Prevention of overweight and obesity in adolescence should start from the fetus.