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采用水平淀粉凝胶电泳技术对采集于黄海海州湾海域的真鲷野生群体和经过 2代人工繁育的养殖群体进行了同工酶遗传变异研究。分析检测了 2个群体各 50个样本肌肉和肝脏组织的 1 3种同工酶共 2 0个基因位点 ,其中MDH_a、GPI、PGM等 1 0个位点为多态位点 ,ME和EST_b为变异程度比较高的位点。野生群体和人工繁殖群体的多态位点比例分别为 45%和 2 5% (P0 .95) ;群体平均观察杂合度分别为 0 .1 41± 0 .0 4 4和 0 .0 95± 0 .0 4 3。结果表明 ,真鲷的野生群体和养殖群体拥有较高程度的遗传变异水平 ,但是养殖群体的遗传变异水平比野生群体有一定程度的降低。养殖群体遗传变异水平的降低在一定程度上是由于亲鱼数量少所致。比较了同工酶分析和RAPD分析的结果。将此两种技术相结合在鱼类群体遗传多样性分析中具有比较实际的意义。
The isozymes genetic variation of wild breams collected from sea bream collected in the sea of Haizhou Bay in the Yellow Sea and the cultured population after 2 generations artificial breeding were studied by horizontal starch gel electrophoresis. A total of 10 isozymes of 20 muscle and liver tissues from 50 samples in 2 populations were detected and analyzed. Among them, 10 loci such as MDH_a, GPI and PGM were polymorphic loci, ME and EST_b For the higher degree of variation of the site. The percentage of polymorphic loci in wild and artificial breeding populations was 45% and 25%, respectively (P0. 95). The average observed heterozygosity in population was 0.141 ± 0.404 and 0.95 ± 0 .0 4 3. The results showed that there was a high level of genetic variation among the wild and cultured populations of sea bream, but the genetic variation of the cultured population was somewhat lower than that of the wild population. The reduction in genetic variation in farmed populations is due in part to the small number of broodstock. The results of isozyme analysis and RAPD analysis were compared. It is more practical to combine these two technologies in the analysis of genetic diversity in fish populations.