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热谱地图技术上世纪80年代起源于英国和瑞典,该技术通过一系列的过程最终制作出能够反映目标路网中各位置路面温度相对差异的专题图,该技术的出现使传统的冰检测系统逐步发展成为冰预测系统,突破了针对特定点数值预报模型的局限,使路面温度与路面状况全网络预测成为可能。如今,该项技术已经成为道路气象信息系统中的重要组成部分,在欧洲和北美得到了广泛的应用,在确保道路运行安全、辅助冬季道路养护决策方面发挥着重要作用。文章对热谱地图技术的起源、概况、原理、数据采集以及基本应用做了系统的介绍,对于国内迅速发展的高速公路气象信息服务领域,有着重要的启发和借鉴意义。
Thermogram technology originated in Britain and Sweden in the 1980s. The technology finally produced a thematic map reflecting the relative differences in pavement temperatures at various locations in the target road network through a series of processes. The appearance of this technology enabled the traditional ice detection system It has gradually developed into an ice prediction system, which breaks through the limitations of numerical prediction models for specific points, making it possible to predict the pavement temperature and road conditions in a full network. Nowadays, this technology has become an important part of the road weather information system and has been widely used in Europe and North America. It plays an important role in ensuring the road safety and assisting the decision-making of winter road maintenance. This article systematically introduces the origin, general situation, principle, data collection and basic application of heat map technology, which has important inspiration and reference significance for the rapid development of expressway meteorological information service in China.