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本文通过对水化观测技术、测试仪器、观测点的环境条件及干扰因素、预报地震效能、水化异常机理等方面作较深入系统的清理研究,总结了16年来我国水化地震监测预报工作的经验教训。 大量的实际资料表明,地震前后,地下水气体—化学组分出现明显变化,地壳运动和地壳应力应变引起的深层及浅层的地球化学信息,有可能通过地下水迅速传到地表。地震水文地球化学前兆信息的提取,扩大了用传统的地球物理方法探索地震信息的领域。利用水文地球化学方法进行地震预报在各个方面都取得了进展,但是由于水化组分变化受多种因素的控制,特别是现有观测系统方面存在的弱点和局限性,当前的观测预报仍然处于较低水平。文中对存在问题及今后攻关方向进行了讨论。
In this paper, we make a systematic and systematic research on the hydration observation technology, the testing instruments, the environmental conditions and disturbance factors at the observation point, the prediction of seismic efficiency, the abnormal mechanism of hydration, etc., and summarize the 16 years of hydropower monitoring and forecasting in China Lessons learned. A large amount of actual data shows that before and after the earthquake, groundwater gas - chemical composition of significant changes in the crustal movement and crustal stress and strain caused by the deep and shallow geochemical information may be quickly spread to the surface through groundwater. Seismic hydrogeochemistry precursor information extraction, expanding the use of traditional geophysical methods to explore the field of seismic information. Advances in all aspects of the prediction of earthquakes using hydrogeochemical methods have progressed, but due to a number of factors that control the evolution of hydration components, in particular the weaknesses and limitations of the existing observing systems, the current forecasts are still at Lower level. The article discusses the existing problems and future research directions.